Are you a fan of Blackjack and want to create your own game using Tkinter? Look no further! In this tutorial, we will guide you through the steps to make a basic Blackjack game using Python and Tkinter library.
Before we start, make sure that you have basic knowledge of Python and Tkinter. If not, refer to some beginner tutorials before diving into this project.
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Step 1: Setting Up the Environment
Firstly, we need to set up the environment for our project. Open your favorite code editor or IDE and create a new file named ‘blackjack.py’. Then import the necessary libraries:
“`python
import tkinter as tk
import random
“`
Step 2: Creating the GUI
Now, we will create the graphical user interface (GUI) for our game using Tkinter. We will create a main window with a title ‘Blackjack’ and two buttons – ‘Deal’ and ‘Hit’.
The Deal button will generate two random cards for the player and dealer. The Hit button will deal another card to the player if he wants it.
“`python
class BlackjackGame:
def __init__(self):
self.window = tk.Tk()
self.window.title(“Blackjack”)
self.deal_button = tk.Button(self.window, text=”Deal”, command=self.deal)
self.deal_button.pack(side=tk.LEFT)
self.hit_button = tk.window, text=”Hit”, command=self.hit)
self.hit_button.RIGHT)
self.mainloop()
def deal(self):
# code here
def hit(self):
# code here
game = BlackjackGame()
“`
Step 3: Creating the Deck
Next, we need to create a deck of cards for our game. A deck consists of 52 cards – four suits (hearts, diamonds, clubs and spades) each with 13 ranks (2 to 10, Jack, Queen, King and Ace). We will create a list of tuples with each tuple representing a card.
# code here
self.deck = [
(‘Hearts’, ‘2’), (‘Hearts’, ‘3’), (‘Hearts’, ‘4’), (‘Hearts’, ‘5’), (‘Hearts’, ‘6’),
(‘Hearts’, ‘7’), (‘Hearts’, ‘8’), (‘Hearts’, ‘9’), (‘Hearts’, ’10’), (‘Hearts’, ‘Jack’),
(‘Hearts’, ‘Queen’), (‘Hearts’, ‘King’), (‘Hearts’, ‘Ace’),
# repeat for other suits
]
“`
Step 4: Dealing Cards
Now, we can start dealing cards to the player and dealer. We will use the `random.choice()` method to select a random card from the deck. We will also create two lists – one for the player’s hand and one for the dealer’s hand.
self.deck = [
# code here
]
self.player_hand = [] self.dealer_hand = []
def deal(self):
for i in range(2):
card = random.choice(self.deck)
self.player_hand.append(card)
self.deck.remove(card)
card = random.dealer_hand.remove(card)
“`
Step 5: Calculating Total Value of Hand
We need to calculate the total value of the player’s hand and dealer’s hand. For this, we will create a function `calculate_total()` that takes a hand as input and returns its total value. In Blackjack, Aces can have a value of either 1 or 11 depending on the total value of the hand.
def hit(self):
def calculate_total(self, hand):
total = 0
has_ace = False
for card in hand:
if card[1] == ‘Jack’ or card[1] == ‘Queen’ or card[1] == ‘King’:
total += 10
elif card[1] == ‘Ace’:
has_ace = True
total += 11
else:
total += int(card[1])
if has_ace and total > 21:
total -= 10
return total
“`
Step 6: Displaying Cards and Total Value
Now, we can display the cards and total value of the player’s hand and dealer’s hand. We will create four labels – two for displaying the player’s cards, one for displaying the player’s total value and one for displaying the dealer’s cards.player_cards_label = tk.Label(self.window, text=”Player Cards: “)
self.player_cards_label.pack()
self.player_total_label = tk.window, text=”Player Total: “)
self.player_total_label.dealer_cards_label = tk.window, text=”Dealer Cards: “)
self.dealer_cards_label.pack()
# code here
# display cards and total value
self.configure(text=”Player Cards: ” + str(self.player_hand))
self.configure(text=”Player Total: ” + str(self.calculate_total(self.player_hand)))
self.configure(text=”Dealer Cards: ” + str(self.dealer_hand[0]))
# display cards and total value
self.player_hand)))
“`
Step 7: Checking for Blackjack or Bust
We need to check if the player or dealer has a Blackjack (an Ace and a card with a value of 10) or if they have busted (total value above 21). If any of these conditions are met, the game is over.
# check for blackjack or bust
if self.player_hand) == 21:
print(“Blackjack! You win!”) return
if self.dealer_hand) == 21:
print(“Dealer has Blackjack! You lose!”)
return
if self.player_hand) > 21:
print(“Bust! You lose!”) return
def hit(self):
# check for bust
if self.player_hand) > 21:
print(“Bust! You lose!”)
“`
Step 8: Dealer’s Turn
If the player has not won or lost yet, it’s time for the dealer to play. The dealer will keep hitting until their total value is at least 17. Then, we will compare the player’s and dealer’s total values to determine the winner.
def dealer_turn(self):
while self.dealer_hand) 21:
print(“Dealer busts! You win!”)
return
# compare hands
if self.dealer_hand) > self.player_hand):
print(“Dealer wins!”)
elif self.dealer_hand) < self.player_hand):
print("You win!")
else:
print("It's a tie!")
Step 9: Finalizing the Game
Now that we have implemented all the necessary functions, we can finalize our game by calling them in the appropriate order.
def calculate_total(self, hand):
# code here
def dealer_turn(self):
#code here
game = BlackjackGame()
game.deal()
game.hit()
game.dealer_turn()
“`
Congratulations! You have successfully created a basic Blackjack game using Tkinter and Python.
You can further customize and improve this game by adding features like splitting, insurance and doubling down. Happy coding!
