Roulette is a casino game named after the French word meaning little wheel. In the game, players may choose to place bets on either a single number, various groupings of numbers, the colors red or black, whether the number is odd or even, or if the numbers are high (19–36) or low (1–18).
To determine the winning number and color, a croupier spins a wheel in one direction, then spins a ball in the opposite direction around a tilted circular track running around the outer edge of the wheel. The ball eventually loses momentum and falls onto the wheel and into one of 37 (in French/European roulette) or 38 (in American roulette) colored and numbered pockets on the wheel.
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The first form of roulette was devised in 18th century France. A century earlier, Blaise Pascal introduced a primitive form of roulette in the 17th century in his search for a perpetual motion machine. The game has been played in its present form since as early as 1796 in Paris. An early description of the roulette game in its current form is found in a French novel La Roulette, ou le Jour by Jaques Lablee, which describes a roulette wheel in the Palais Royal in Paris in 1796.
The description included details such as the house pockets, “There are exactly two slots reserved for the bank, whence it derives its sole mathematical advantage.” It then goes on to describe the layout with, “There are two betting spaces containing just one-half of each wheel’s 37 numbers and colored either red or black.”.
The croupier spins the wheel and drops the ball into it. As the ball slows down, it passes through an area of deflectors, and then falls into one of 37 (single zero French/European style roulette) or 38 (double zero American style roulette) colored and numbered pockets on the wheel.
The object of roulette is to predict which numbered pocket will be hit by the ball next.
Players may bet directly on individual numbers or groUPS of numbers on this grid; however, all bets must be placed before each spin as players are not allowed to touch their chips once they have been placed. There are numerous other betting options available; these are based upon where players think that the ball will land after each spin.
When playing roulette online there are even more options available as players can bet on multiple outcomes simultaneously using what is known as multi-wheel roulette or multi-table roulette.
The house edge for European roulette is 2.7% and for American roulette it is 5.26%. This means that for every €100 bet at European roulette you can expect to lose an average of €2.
70 over time whereas at American roulette you can expect to lose €5.26 for every €100 bet. The house edge is created by both 0 pockets on the wheel as well as by using different colored chips for different players so that each player’s bet can be easily distinguished from others’ bets when chips are being tossed around on top of wet felt during spins.
Roulette has inspired many betting systems throughout history; one such system was created by Blaise Pascal while attempting to create a perpetual motion machine in 1655–57.[5] However, none of these systems have ever been proven to work.[6]
There are two main types of bets that can be made: inside bets and outside bets.[7] Inside bets usually have higher payouts with worse odds while outside bets usually have worse payouts with better odds.[8] Players can make multiple types of inside and outside bets on each spin; however, all wagers must be placed before each spin as players cannot touch their chips once they have been placed.[9] Bets can also be placed on special boxes marked “1st 12” (numbers 1 through 12), “2nd 12” (numbers 13 through 24), or “3rd 12” (numbers 25 through 36).
[10] These boxes cover half of all possible outcomes (low/high; red/black; odd/even),[11] so they offer relatively good odds with payouts ranging from 1:1 to 1:3.[12][13] Players may also bet on 0 (zero),[14][15] double zero,[16][17] trio,[18][19][20] basket,[21][22][23] top line,[24][25][26] or any other combination offered by particular casinos.[27][28].A croupier spins a wheel containing 37 pockets at random; these include 18 red pockets marked with R’s , 18 black pockets marked with B’s , and one green pocket marked with 0 . After spinning he places a small object called a dolly onto one number which becomes active for that particular spin only.
[29] Once active he then throws a small white ball spinning counterclockwise onto another sectioned spinning plate called a Roulette Wheel where it eventually stops determines which number wins for that particular spin only.[30][31] If any other number besides active number hits then player loses their original bet amount but doesn’t win anything additionally if 0 hits then player doesn’t lose anything but also doesn’t win anything additionally if 00 hits then player doesn’t lose anything but also doesn’t win anything additionally if green pocket hits then player doesn’t lose anything but also doesn’t win anything additionally if repeated number hits then player wins their original bet amount back plus additional 35 times their original bet amount but if repeated zero hits then player just gets their original bet amount back nothing more nothing less.[32][33][34.
